数据库原理及应用mysql版陈业斌实验三

实验目的：

通过实验掌握数据库系统单表查询的方法

1.实验数据如下

student 表（学生表）

CREATE TABLE student (
    sno CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,
    snme VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,        
    sdept VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,       
    sclass CHAR(2) NOT NULL,          
    ssex CHAR(1),                     
    birthday DATE,                  
    totalcredit DECIMAL(4,1)          
);

course 表（课程表）

CREATE TABLE course (
    cno CHAR(3) PRIMARY KEY,
    cname VARCHAR(50),       
    ctime DECIMAL(3,0),          
    credit DECIMAL(3,1) 
);

teacher 表（教师表）

CREATE TABLE teacher (
    tno CHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY,          
    tname VARCHAR(20),               
    tsex CHAR(1),                    
    tdept VARCHAR(20)                 
);

score 表（成绩表）

CREATE TABLE score (
    sno CHAR(5),                      
    cno CHAR(3),                      
    tno CHAR(6),                     
    grade DECIMAL(5,1),              
    PRIMARY KEY (sno, cno, tno),      
    CONSTRAINT fk_sno FOREIGN KEY(sno) REFERENCES student(sno),
    CONSTRAINT fk_cno FOREIGN KEY(cno) REFERENCES course(cno),
    CONSTRAINT fk_tno FOREIGN KEY(tno) REFERENCES teacher(tno)
);

2. 插入数据

student 表中的数据

INSERT INTO student VALUES('96001', '马小燕', '计算机', '01', '女', '2000/01/02', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96002', '黎明', '计算机', '01', '男', '2000/03/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96003', '刘东明', '数学', '01', '男', '2000/10/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96004', '赵志勇', '信息', '02', '男', '2000/08/08', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97001', '马蓉', '数学', '02', '女', '2001/03/04', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97002', '李成功', '计算机', '01', '男', '2001/09/10', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97003', '黎明', '信息', '03', '女', '2002/02/08', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('97004', '李丽', '计算机', '02', '女', '2002/01/05', 0);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('96005', '司马志明', '计算机', '02', '男', '2001/11/23', 0);

course 表中的数据

INSERT INTO course VALUES('001', '数学分析', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('002', '普通物理', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('003', '微机原理', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('004', '数据结构', 64, 4);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('005', '操作系统', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('006', '数据库原理', 56, 3.5);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('007', '编译原理', 48, 3);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('008', '程序设计', 32, 2);

teacher 表中的数据

INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052501', '王成刚', '男', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052502', '李正科', '男', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052503', '严敏', '女', '数学');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052504', '赵高', '男', '数学');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052505', '刘玉兰', '女', '计算机');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052506', '王成刚', '男', '信息');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('052507', '马悦', '女', '计算机');

score 表中的数据

INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '001', '052503', 77.5);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '003', '052501', 89);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '004', '052502', 86);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96001', '005', '052505', 82);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '001', '052504', 88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '003', '052502', 92.5);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96002', '006', '052507', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '004', '052502', 92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '005', '052505', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '006', '052505', 89);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96005', '007', '052507', 78);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96003', '001', '052504', 69);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97001', '001', '052504', 96);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97001', '008', '052505', 95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96004', '001', '052503', 87);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('96003', '003', '052501', 91);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '003', '052502', 91);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '004', '052505', NULL);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97002', '006', '052507', 92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97004', '005', '052502', 90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('97004', '006', '052501', 85);

注：把上面的实验数据添加上再开始实验。

3-1 查询选修了严敏老师的数学分析课程的学生的姓名、课程名、教师名和成绩。

• 等值连接查询：

select snme,cname,tname,grade from student 
join score on score.sno=student.sno
join teacher on score.tno=teacher.tno
join course on scoreo=courseo where tname='严敏' and cname='数学分析';

• 自然连接查询：

select snme,cname,tname,grade from student natural join course
natural join score natural join teacher where tname='严敏' and cname='数学分析';

• 自身连接查询：

select a.snme,aame,a.tname,a.grade from
(select snme,cname,tname,grade from student natural join course
natural join score natural join teacher where tname='严敏') a join
(select snme,cname,tname,grade from student natural join course
natural join score natural join teacher where cname='数学分析')b 
 on a.snme=b.snme  ;

3-2 查询年龄大于刘东明的年龄的所有学生的姓名与出生日期。

自身连接查询：

select b.snme,b.birthday from student a 
join student b on b.birthday<a.birthday 
where a.snme='刘东明' ;

• 子查询：

select snme,birthday from student where 
birthday<(select birthday from student where snme='刘东明');

3-3 查询未选修任何课程的学生的学号和姓名。

外连接查询：

select student.sno,snme from student left join score on 
student.sno=score.sno where score.sno is null;

子查询：

select b.sno,b.snme from
(select student.sno,snme from student left join score on student.sno=score.sno where score.sno is null) b;

3-4 查询比数学系中全体学生年龄大的学生的姓名和系别。

• 子查询<ALL：

select snme,sdept from student where 
birthday < (select min(birthday) from student where sdept='数学');

• 子查询<MIN：

select snme,sdept from student where 
birthday < all (select birthday from student where sdept='数学');

3-5 相关子查询EXISTS 查询选修了004号课程的学生的姓名和系别。

select snme,sdept from student a where exists
(select *from score where cno='004' and a.sno=sno);

3-6 相关子查询NOT EXISTS 查询选修了全部课程的学生的学号。

select sno from student where not exists 
(select 1 from course where not exists 
(select 1 from score where student.sno=sno and cno=courseo));

3-7 相关子查询 NOT EXISTS 查询选修了刘东明同学选修的全部课程的学生的学号。

select sno from student a where snme<>'刘东明' and
not exists( select cno from (select *from student natural join score where snme='刘东明') b
where not exists(select 1 from score where a.sno=sno and bo=cno));